Sinopsis

Contents


PRINCIPLES


1.1 Evolution of treatment of nonunions

1.2 Basic science aspects

1.2.1 Normal and impaired fracture healing

1.2.2 Pathogenesis and treatment of impaired fracture healing

1.2.3 The role of growth factors and related molecules in fracture and nonunion treatment

1.2.4 Nonunion and the application of platelet leukocyte gel (PLG) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)

1.3 Nonoperative treatment

1.3.1 Pulsed electromagnetic fields in the treatment of nonunions

1.3.2 Ultrasound in osteotomies and nonunions—basic research

1.4 Bone graft

1.4.1 The role of decortication in the treatment of nonunions

1.4.2 Autogenous bone grafting in the treatment of nonunions

1.4.3 Open cancellous bone graft

1.4.4 Bone graft substitutes

1.4.5 Induced membranes—summary

1.5 Infected nonunions


CASES

2.1 Clavicle, shoulder

2.2 Humerus, proximal

2.3 Humerus, shaft

2.4 Humerus, distal

2.5 Forearm

2.6 Pelvis

2.7 Femoral neck

2.8 Intertrochanteric nonunion

2.9 Subtrochanteric nonunion

2.10 Femur, shaft

2.11 Femur, distal

2.12 Tibia, proximal

2.13 Tibia, shaft

2.14 Tibia, distal

2.15 Ankle

2.16 Foot